Table of Contents

Open all
Close all
Introduction
17
PART I Basics
21
1 SAP Interface Management in the Age of Digitalization
23
1.1 What Is Integration?
23
1.2 Evolution of Interface Technologies from SAP R/3 to SAP S/4HANA
26
1.2.1 SAP R/3
26
1.2.2 The SAP New Dimension Product Line
29
1.2.3 Connectors
30
1.2.4 SAP NetWeaver
31
1.2.5 SAP Cloud Solutions
33
1.2.6 SAP S/4HANA and SAP S/4HANA Cloud
34
1.3 SAP Interface Libraries
36
1.3.1 SAP API Business Hub
36
1.3.2 SAP Graph
39
1.3.3 SAP Best Practices Explorer
40
1.3.4 Other Libraries
41
1.4 Challenges for Interface Management
43
1.4.1 Handling Integration Tools
44
1.4.2 Integration Governance
45
1.4.3 Operating the Integration Platform
45
1.4.4 Organization
47
1.5 Summary
48
2 Integration Concepts and Technologies in the SAP Environment
51
2.1 Integration Architectures
51
2.1.1 Point-to-Point Topologies
52
2.1.2 Hub-and-Spoke Topologies
54
2.1.3 Enterprise Service Bus
57
2.1.4 Service-Oriented Architectures
62
2.1.5 Microservices
66
2.2 Integration Styles
71
2.2.1 Process-Oriented Integration
72
2.2.2 Data-Oriented Integration
74
2.2.3 Integration of User Interfaces
76
2.2.4 Integration of Things
78
2.2.5 Cross-Style Integration
80
2.3 Integration Technologies, Standards, and Protocols
82
2.3.1 Web Services
82
2.3.2 RESTful Services
86
2.3.3 OData Services
88
2.3.4 Remote Function Calls
93
2.3.5 Message Queues
96
2.3.6 File Transfers and Databases
98
2.4 Summary
102
3 Methods and Frameworks
103
3.1 Integration Solution Advisory Methodology
103
3.1.1 Overview
105
3.1.2 Integration Domains
106
3.1.3 Integration Styles and Use Cases
108
3.1.4 Technology Mapping
110
3.1.5 Interface Assessment
113
3.1.6 Architecture Blueprints
115
3.1.7 Roles and Responsibilities
118
3.1.8 Approach and Practical Use
119
3.2 Maturity Model
122
3.2.1 Basics
122
3.2.2 Maturity Model for Integration within the Integration Solution Advisory Methodology
123
3.2.3 Approach and Practical Use
126
3.3 Integration Competency Center
127
3.3.1 The Concept of Integration Competency Centers
128
3.3.2 Approach and Practical Use
134
3.4 Hybrid Integration Platform
139
3.4.1 What Is a Hybrid Integration Platform?
140
3.4.2 Why Do You Need a Hybrid Integration Platform?
143
3.4.3 Approach and Practical Use
146
3.5 Summary
152
4 SAP’s Hybrid Integration Platform
155
4.1 Vision
155
4.2 Components
165
4.3 Summary
169
PART II Tools of SAP’s Hybrid Integration Platform
171
5 SAP Process Orchestration
173
5.1 Overview of SAP Process Orchestration
174
5.2 Functions for Interface Management
177
5.2.1 Supported Integration Domains
177
5.2.2 Integration Capabilities
179
5.2.3 Connectors
181
5.2.4 Implementation of Interfaces
183
5.2.5 Monitoring Interfaces
184
5.2.6 Implementation of Cloud Content
187
5.3 Possible Use Cases
188
5.4 Summary
191
6 SAP Cloud Integration
193
6.1 Overview
193
6.2 Functions for Interface Management
195
6.2.1 Supported Integration Domains
196
6.2.2 Integration Capabilities
200
6.2.3 Connectors
201
6.2.4 OData Provisioning
203
6.3 Possible Use Cases
204
6.3.1 Using Standard iFlows
205
6.3.2 Creation of Individual Integration Scenarios
206
6.3.3 Aligned Application Programming Interfaces
209
6.4 Summary
210
7 SAP API Management
211
7.1 Overview
212
7.2 Functions for Interface Management
216
7.2.1 API Designer
216
7.2.2 API Portal
217
7.2.3 Developer Portal
223
7.2.4 Other Functions
224
7.3 Possible Use Cases
225
7.3.1 Creating an ERP Facade with SAP API Management
225
7.3.2 Logging API Calls in Elasticsearch
226
7.4 Summary
227
8 SAP Event Mesh
229
8.1 Overview of SAP Event Mesh
230
8.2 Functions for Interface Management
231
8.2.1 Message Clients
232
8.2.2 Message Concepts
233
8.2.3 Consumption of Messages
236
8.2.4 Supported Protocols
238
8.3 Possible Use Cases
239
8.3.1 Event Hubs
239
8.3.2 Without a Message Broker
240
8.3.3 With Multiple Receivers
242
8.4 Summary
243
9 Open Connectors
245
9.1 Overview of Open Connectors
245
9.2 Functions for Interface Management
247
9.2.1 Standardized Adapters
247
9.2.2 Shared Resources
252
9.2.3 Formulas
255
9.3 Possible Use Cases
257
9.4 Summary
260
10 SAP Data Intelligence
261
10.1 Overview
262
10.2 Functions for Interface Management
264
10.2.1 Data Governance
265
10.2.2 Intelligent Functions
267
10.2.3 Data Orchestration and Monitoring
269
10.2.4 Data Processing
269
10.2.5 ABAP Integration
271
10.2.6 Integration with SAP Business Technology Platform
273
10.3 Possible Use Cases
274
10.4 Summary
277
11 Data Integration Tools
279
11.1 Overview
280
11.1.1 SAP Data Services
280
11.1.2 SAP Landscape Transformation Replication Server
282
11.1.3 SAP HANA Smart Data Integration
283
11.1.4 SAP Cloud Integration for Data Services
285
11.1.5 SAP Replication Server
286
11.2 Functions for Interface Management
287
11.3 Possible Use Cases
291
11.4 Summary
294
12 SAP Application Interface Framework
295
12.1 Overview
295
12.2 Functions for Interface Management
297
12.2.1 Technologies
297
12.2.2 Monitoring
299
12.2.3 Error Handling
302
12.2.4 Checks, Mappings, and Actions
304
12.2.5 Events
306
12.2.6 Tests
307
12.3 Possible Use Cases
307
12.4 Summary
308
13 Digital Integration Hub
309
13.1 Overview of the Digital Integration Hub
310
13.1.1 Definition
310
13.1.2 Description and Concept
312
13.2 Digital Integration Hub from SAP
312
13.3 Possible Use Cases and Recommendations
317
13.3.1 Use Case 1: Publishing Product Data Application Programming Interfaces
317
13.3.2 Use Case 2: From Reactivity to Real Time
319
13.4 Summary
320
PART III Interface Management Tasks
323
14 Governance
325
14.1 Principles and Policies
325
14.1.1 Guidelines for IT Usage
325
14.1.2 Build Architecture and Integration Principles
327
14.1.3 Monitoring and Review of Integration Principles
334
14.2 Development Guidelines
336
14.2.1 Technology Guidelines
336
14.2.2 Standardization
337
14.2.3 Centralization
341
14.2.4 Integration Logic
342
14.2.5 Loose Coupling
344
14.2.6 Modern Transmission Technologies
345
14.2.7 Naming Conventions and Documentation
346
14.3 Cataloging
348
14.3.1 Use Case Examples for Interface Catalogs
348
14.3.2 Creating Interface Catalogs
350
14.3.3 Component-Specific Catalogs
353
14.4 Reporting
356
14.4.1 SAP EarlyWatch Alert
356
14.4.2 Cost Allocation
358
14.4.3 Quality and Performance
359
14.4.4 Component-Specific Reporting
360
14.5 Summary
366
15 Operations
367
15.1 Monitoring and Alerting
367
15.1.1 Aspects of Interface Monitoring
368
15.1.2 Separation of Tasks in Interface Monitoring
369
15.1.3 Synchronous versus Asynchronous Interfaces
373
15.1.4 Error Notifications
376
15.1.5 Cross-System Monitoring
379
15.2 Test Management
380
15.2.1 Areas of Application of Tests
381
15.2.2 Organization and Management of Tests
384
15.2.3 Component-Specific Tests
386
15.2.4 Test Tools
389
15.3 Change and Transport Management
390
15.3.1 New Development of an Interface
391
15.3.2 Change of an Interface
394
15.3.3 Versioning and Management
395
15.3.4 Component-Specific Transport Methods
399
15.3.5 Interface Landscape Comparison
402
15.4 Summary
403
16 Organization
405
16.1 Product-Oriented Organizational Models
406
16.1.1 Basics about DevOps
406
16.1.2 Culture Change in IT Organizations
407
16.1.3 Product Orientation
409
16.1.4 Impact and Realignment of Integration Management
410
16.2 Roles
413
16.2.1 Capabilities of a Modern Integration Team
413
16.2.2 Roles of a Modern Integration Team
415
16.3 Responsibilities
424
16.3.1 Use Case 1: Project Context
424
16.3.2 Use Case 2: Request for Change
426
16.3.3 Use Case 3: Backend Integration
429
16.4 Summary
430
17 Platform Tools
433
17.1 SAP Solution Manager
433
17.1.1 Overview
434
17.1.2 Process Management for Interface Documentation
436
17.1.3 Landscape Management for Monitoring
439
17.1.4 Change Management within the Framework of Interface Management
443
17.2 SAP Partner Solutions
446
17.2.1 Figaf DevOps Tool
446
17.2.2 Int4 IFTT
450
17.2.3 UDO
452
17.2.4 WHINT Solutions
454
17.2.5 ITARICON Tools
456
17.2.6 Other Useful Tools
458
17.3 Summary
460
18 Summary and Outlook
463
18.1 Summary
463
18.2 Outlook
464
18.3 Closing Words
466
Appendices
467
A Bibliography
467
B The Authors
469
Index
471