Preface

15

About This Book

15

Our Demo Scenario

16

Who Should Read This Book

17

Structure of the Book

17

Acknowledgments

20

1 Introduction to the SAP HANA Development Platform

25

1.1 Business Cases for SAP HANA Applications

25

1.2 SAP HANA Components and Architecture

29

1.2.1 Functional Components

29

1.2.2 Technical Services and Architecture

36

1.3 Application Design Considerations

38

1.4 Summary

40

2 SAP HANA Development Environment

43

2.1 System Landscape

43

2.2 SAP HANA, Express Edition

47

2.2.1 On-Premise Installation Options

48

2.2.2 Installing SAP HANA, Express Edition VM Images

48

2.3 SAP Cloud Appliance Library

54

2.3.1 Registrations

55

2.3.2 SAP HANA, Express Edition Setup

56

2.4 SAP Cloud Platform

60

2.4.1 Registrations

61

2.4.2 Provisioning the SAP HANA Service Instance

61

2.4.3 Enable SAP Web IDE for Full-Stack Development

66

2.5 SAP HANA XS Advanced Organizations and Spaces

69

2.5.1 Organizations and Spaces Overview

69

2.5.2 Organization and Space Management

71

2.6 Git Code Repository

74

2.7 Summary

80

3 SAP HANA Development Tools

83

3.1 Command-Line Client

83

3.1.1 Logon and Setup

85

3.1.2 Application Management

86

3.1.3 Services Management

88

3.1.4 Organizations and Spaces

90

3.1.5 Domains

91

3.1.6 Certificates

92

3.1.7 Routes

93

3.1.8 Buildpacks

94

3.1.9 Runtime Environments and the Blob Store

95

3.1.10 Tasks

96

3.1.11 User Administration

97

3.1.12 Configuration

98

3.1.13 Plug-Ins

99

3.1.14 Other Commands

100

3.2 SAP Web IDE for SAP HANA

101

3.3 SAP HANA Database Explorer

104

3.4 SAP HANA XS Advanced Cockpit

109

3.5 Other SAP HANA Database Development Tools

113

3.5.1 SAP HANA Studio

113

3.5.2 SAP HANA Web-Based Development Workbench

115

3.5.3 SAP HANA Cockpit

116

3.5.4 Postman

117

3.6 Summary

118

4 SAP HANA XS Advanced Architecture

119

4.1 Microservices Architecture

119

4.1.1 Monolithic Architecture

120

4.1.2 Microservices Architecture

121

4.2 SAP HANA XS Advanced Architecture

122

4.2.1 12-Factor Apps

123

4.2.2 Cloud Foundry Basics

127

4.2.3 Organization of Applications, Services, and Users

129

4.2.4 The Controller

130

4.2.5 Deployment and Execution

131

4.2.6 Runtime Components and Services

133

4.2.7 Platform Services

135

4.3 SAP HANA XS Advanced Application Concepts

140

4.3.1 Multi-Target Application Concept

141

4.3.2 Architecture of a Multi-Target Application in SAP HANA XS Advanced

144

4.3.3 Development Workflow for Multi-Target Applications

146

4.4 Summary

147

5 Defining the Data Model

151

5.1 Data Model Overview

152

5.2 The Demo Application

154

5.3 Data Model Design in SAP HANA

159

5.3.1 Executing SQL Commands in SAP HANA

160

5.3.2 Commonly Used SQL Statements

163

5.3.3 Converting an Entity-Relationship Model to a Database Design

166

5.3.4 Data Model Using SAP HANA Repository Design-Time Objects

182

5.4 SAP HANA Deployment Infrastructure

189

5.4.1 HDI Containers

190

5.4.2 HDI Technical Users

191

5.4.3 HDI Deployer

192

5.4.4 Deployment into HDI Container

193

5.5 SAP HANA Database Module

196

5.5.1 Creating a Multi-Target Application Project

197

5.5.2 Creating an SAP HANA Database Module

199

5.5.3 Building the SAP HANA Database Module Artifacts

203

5.5.4 Building and Deploying a Multi-Target Application Archive

205

5.6 Core Data Services: The Physical Data Model

208

5.6.1 Editors

208

5.6.2 Entities

211

5.6.3 Data Types and User-Defined Structures

219

5.6.4 Associations

222

5.6.5 Views

224

5.6.6 Extensions

226

5.7 Loading Table Data

228

5.7.1 Using Table Data (.hdbtabledata)

229

5.7.2 Building the .hdbtabledata File

234

5.7.3 Using Table Data Properties (.properties)

235

5.7.4 Generate Time Data

236

5.8 Synonyms and Cross-Schema Access

237

5.9 Virtual Data Model

243

5.9.1 Create Calculation Views

245

5.9.2 Dimension Calculation Views

251

5.9.3 Default Calculation Views

263

5.9.4 Cube Calculation Views with Star Joins

264

5.9.5 Cube Calculation Views

272

5.9.6 Analytic Privileges

274

5.10 SQLScript for Stored Procedures

275

5.10.1 Stored Procedure

276

5.10.2 Table Functions and Scalar Functions

277

5.11 Table Creation without Core Data Services Documents

279

5.12 Other Database Artifacts

281

5.12.1 SAP HANA Database Sequence

281

5.12.2 SAP HANA Database View

282

5.12.3 SAP HANA Database Role

283

5.12.4 List of SAP HANA Deployment Infrastructure Artifacts

286

5.13 Summary

288

6 Developing the Application Layer

289

6.1 Tasks of the Application Layer

290

6.2 Node.js as Application Layer

292

6.2.1 Node.js Module

293

6.2.2 Modules and the Node Package Manager Repository

297

6.2.3 Asynchronous Programming Model

316

6.2.4 Managing Asynchronous Control Flow

320

6.2.5 Exposing Data

330

6.2.6 Accessing the SAP HANA Database

338

6.2.7 Unit Testing a Node.js Module

348

6.3 Java as Application Layer

358

6.3.1 Creating a Java Module to Read Database Content

360

6.3.2 Creating an OData Service to Modify Data

369

6.3.3 Connecting Java Services to an HTML5 Frontend

383

6.4 Summary

391

7 Developing a Presentation Layer

393

7.1 SAPUI5 Frontend Development

394

7.1.1 Application Bootstrapping

395

7.1.2 SAPUI5 Application Structuring

398

7.1.3 Model View Controller

401

7.1.4 Data Binding

404

7.1.5 Routing and Navigation

420

7.2 SAP HANA XS Advanced Application Routing

426

7.2.1 Application Routing Files

426

7.2.2 Application Routes and Destinations

429

7.2.3 SAPUI5 Central Service

431

7.3 Demo Application

436

7.3.1 Create the SAP Fiori Master-Detail Module

437

7.3.2 Demo Application Layout Adjustments

441

7.4 Summary

446

8 Securing Your Application

449

8.1 SAP HANA XS Advanced Security Concepts

450

8.2 Authorization in SAP HANA XS Advanced

455

8.2.1 Scopes and Attributes

455

8.2.2 Defining Application Security with the Application Security Descriptor

457

8.2.3 SAP HANA XS Advanced User Account and Authorization Service

463

8.2.4 Role Collections

464

8.2.5 Data Control Language

465

8.2.6 Controller Roles

466

8.3 Enable Security in your SAP HANA XS Advanced Application

467

8.3.1 Creating the SAP HANA XS Advanced User Account and Authorization Service

467

8.3.2 Enabling Security for Java Modules

470

8.3.3 Enabling Security for Node.js Modules

472

8.3.4 Enabling Security for SAPUI5 Modules

476

8.3.5 Secure Your Application against Web-Based Attacks

478

8.4 Maintaining Users and Roles in SAP HANA XS Advanced

482

8.4.1 Create Roles in SAP HANA XS Advanced

482

8.4.2 Create an Application User with the Administration Tools

487

8.4.3 Configuring Functional Authorization Checks

489

8.4.4 Configuring Instance-Based Authorization Checks

493

8.5 Assigning HDI Container Roles to Classic Database Users

495

8.5.1 Granting HDI Container Access via Schema Access

496

8.5.2 Granting HDI Container Access via Roles

498

8.6 Default Access Role for HDI Containers

500

8.7 Permissions for Container Objects

503

8.8 Summary

506

9 Troubleshooting Your Application

507

9.1 Debugging

507

9.1.1 Debugging Calculation Views

508

9.1.2 Debugging Stored Procedures

509

9.1.3 Debugging a Node.js Application

510

9.1.4 Debugging a Java Application

513

9.1.5 Debugging a SAPUI5 Application

515

9.2 Application Logs and Logging

519

9.2.1 Logging Data Changes

519

9.2.2 Logging Stored Procedure Actions

520

9.2.3 SAP HANA XS Advanced Transaction Logs

522

9.2.4 Logging in Node.js Applications

523

9.2.5 Logging in Java Applications

526

9.3 Database Traces

536

9.3.1 Configuring SQL Traces

537

9.3.2 Configuring Performance Trace

539

9.4 Performance Optimization

541

9.4.1 Execution of SQL Queries on Calculation Views

541

9.4.2 Analyze SQL in SAP Web IDE for SAP HANA

542

9.4.3 Explain Plan in SAP HANA Studio

547

9.4.4 Plan Visualizer in SAP HANA Studio

550

9.5 Summary

555

10 Deploying Your Application

557

10.1 Building the Multi-Target Application Archive

557

10.2 Deployment Process

560

10.2.1 Deployment via the SAP Web IDE for SAP HANA

560

10.2.2 SAP HANA XS Advanced Command-Line Interface

561

10.3 Transporting SAP HANA XS Advanced Applications

566

10.3.1 Manual Transport

566

10.3.2 Transport Using the Change and Transport System

567

10.3.3 Continuous Integration

568

10.3.4 Outlook: Native Transport

569

10.4 Summary

570

Appendices

571

A Migrating an SAP HANA XS Application to SAP HANA XS Advanced

573

A.1 Migration Steps

574

A.2 SAP HANA Studio Migration Tool

575

A.3 SAP HANA XS Advanced Migration Assistant

579

A.4 Migration of the Security Concept

587

B Additional Resources

593

C The Authors

595