Preface

15

Objective

15

Target Audience

15

Structure of the Book

16

1 Introduction

19

1.1 User Experience with SAP

19

1.1.1 SAP’s User Experience Strategy

20

1.1.2 Design Principles

22

1.1.3 Evolution of SAP Fiori

23

1.2 SAP Fiori Architecture

23

1.2.1 Frontend Server

24

1.2.2 Backend System

25

1.2.3 SAP Web Dispatcher

25

1.2.4 SAP Fiori Launchpad

25

1.2.5 Cloud Components

31

1.3 Application Types and the Application Library

32

1.3.1 Transactional Apps

33

1.3.2 Analytical Apps

33

1.3.3 Object Page

36

1.3.4 SAP Fiori Apps Reference Library

37

1.4 Development Tools and Technology

43

1.4.1 Integrated Development Environments

43

1.4.2 SAP Fiori Tools

44

1.4.3 UI Technology

50

1.4.4 Rapid OData Service Development

52

1.4.5 Mobile SDKs

53

1.4.6 Conversational User Experience

56

1.4.7 UI Adaption and Extension

56

1.5 Summary

57

2 Installation and Configuration

59

2.1 Prerequisites

59

2.2 Deployment Options

63

2.2.1 On-Premise Deployment

63

2.2.2 Central Launchpad on SAP Business Technology Platform

69

2.3 Installation

70

2.3.1 SAP Fiori Frontend Server

71

2.3.2 SAP Web Dispatcher

76

2.3.3 SAP Fiori Client

77

2.4 Configuration

77

2.4.1 SAP Fiori Initial Setup

78

2.4.2 Communication Channels

82

2.4.3 Setup of SAP Fiori Launchpad

92

2.4.4 Setup of SAP Fiori Search

93

2.4.5 Optional Configuration

93

2.5 Getting the Latest SAP Fiori Design in Your System Landscape

93

2.5.1 Preupgrade Considerations

94

2.5.2 Upgrading an Existing SAP Fiori Landscape

94

2.6 Summary

99

3 Security

101

3.1 Authentication

101

3.1.1 Kerberos and SPNEGO

102

3.1.2 X.509 Certificates

103

3.1.3 SAML 2.0

104

3.1.4 SAP Logon Tickets

105

3.1.5 Choosing a Single Sign-on Mechanism

106

3.2 Mobile Application Security

107

3.2.1 Communication Security

107

3.2.2 User Authentication and Single Sign-On

108

3.2.3 Secure Storage of Data on Device

108

3.2.4 Access to Native Device Capabilities

109

3.2.5 Data Protection and Privacy

109

3.3 Summary

110

4 Enabling Standard Applications

111

4.1 Configuring Users and Authorizations

112

4.1.1 Concept

112

4.1.2 Authorization Prerequisites

117

4.2 Frontend Implementation Tasks

118

4.2.1 Activating the SAPUI5 Component

118

4.2.2 Activating the OData Services

122

4.2.3 Frontend Roles

131

4.3 Backend Implementation Tasks

154

4.3.1 Assigning RFC Authorization to Users

154

4.3.2 Creating Authorization Roles for Catalogs

154

4.4 Rapid Activation of SAP Fiori Applications in SAP S/4HANA

156

4.5 Running Applications

162

4.5.1 SAP Fiori Launchpad from End User Perspective

162

4.5.2 Personalizing and Adapting Apps

163

4.5.3 Personalizing the Launchpad

164

4.6 Summary

164

5 Enabling Analytical Applications

165

5.1 Architecture and Overview of Embedded Analytics in SAP S/4HANA

166

5.2 Embedded Analytics Tools

168

5.2.1 View Browser

168

5.2.2 Query Browser

170

5.2.3 Custom CDS Views

171

5.2.4 Custom Analytical Queries

172

5.2.5 Multidimensional Reporting

174

5.2.6 Manage KPIs & Reports

175

5.2.7 Analysis Path Framework Applications

177

5.3 Enabling Embedded Analytics in SAP S/4HANA

178

5.3.1 Configuration of the Analytic Engine

179

5.3.2 Configuration of Hierarchies for Time Characteristics

181

5.3.3 Configuration of Design Studio Template

182

5.4 Summary

183

6 Creating OData Services

185

6.1 Introduction to OData

185

6.1.1 Overview

185

6.1.2 Query Options

186

6.1.3 OData Versions

191

6.2 SAP Gateway Service Builder

192

6.3 Modeling OData Services

195

6.3.1 Defining a Data Model

196

6.3.2 Importing Data Model

202

6.3.3 Redefining OData Services

212

6.3.4 Including an OData Service

214

6.4 Service Implementation

216

6.4.1 Redefining Methods of the Operations

217

6.4.2 Mapping a Data Source

218

6.5 Registering an OData Service

221

6.6 Testing an OData Service

223

6.7 Generating an OData Service from a CDS View in SAP S/4HANA

225

6.7.1 Autoexposure Using Annotations

225

6.7.2 Based on Reference Data Source

226

6.7.3 OData Service Based on Mapped Data Source

229

6.8 ABAP RESTful Application Programming Model and OData

232

6.9 Annotations and Their Importance in SAP Fiori

236

6.10 Summary

236

7 Working with SAP Business Application Studio

237

7.1 Overview

237

7.2 Capabilities

238

7.3 Setting Up SAP Business Application Studio with SAP BTP

238

7.3.1 Subscribing to SAP Business Application Studio

239

7.3.2 Managing Authorizations

240

7.4 Developing Applications

243

7.4.1 Creating a Project

243

7.4.2 Adding Source Code

245

7.4.3 Testing the Application

248

7.4.4 Deployment Options

250

7.5 Migrating Projects from SAP Web IDE to SAP Business Application Studio

253

7.6 SAP Fiori Tools in SAP Business Application Studio

255

7.7 Summary

256

8 Methods of SAP Fiori Application Development

257

8.1 SAP Fiori Elements Framework

257

8.1.1 List Report

259

8.1.2 Object Page

260

8.1.3 Analytical List Page

261

8.1.4 Overview Page

262

8.1.5 Worklist

264

8.2 Freestyle Application Development

265

8.2.1 SAP Fiori Worklist Application

265

8.2.2 SAP Fiori Master-Detail Application

266

8.2.3 SAPUI5 Basic Application

267

8.3 Freestyle Development versus SAP Fiori Elements

267

8.4 Summary

268

9 Building and Extending SAP Fiori Elements Applications

269

9.1 Building SAP Fiori Elements Applications

269

9.1.1 Determining Floorplans

270

9.1.2 Determining Data Sources

272

9.1.3 Developing a List Report and an Object Page

279

9.1.4 Developing Analytical List Pages

297

9.1.5 Developing Overview Pages

309

9.1.6 Deploying Applications to the ABAP Backend Server

318

9.1.7 Deploying the Application to SAP BTP

321

9.2 Extending SAP Fiori Elements Applications

323

9.2.1 Enhancements in Applications Specific to End Users

324

9.2.2 Enhancement of Application for Group of Users

328

9.2.3 Complex Enhancements that Need Changes in Business Logic

331

9.2.4 Deploying the Extended Application

335

9.3 Summary

337

10 Building and Extending Freestyle SAP Fiori Applications

339

10.1 Building Freestyle Applications

339

10.1.1 Floorplans

339

10.1.2 Data Sources

341

10.1.3 App Overview: The Basic Files of the Application

341

10.1.4 List-Detail Application

342

10.1.5 Worklist Application

351

10.1.6 SAPUI5 Application

357

10.2 Extending Freestyle Applications

361

10.2.1 Extending SAP Fiori Applications in the SAP S/4HANA Application Layer

361

10.2.2 Extending SAP Fiori Applications in the OData Service Layer

363

10.2.3 Extending the UI Layer of a Freestyle SAP Fiori/SAPUI5 Application

370

10.3 Summary

375

11 Building and Extending Analytical Applications

377

11.1 Creating Analytical Applications

377

11.1.1 Creating CDS Views

377

11.1.2 Creating OData Service

381

11.1.3 Creating Custom Analytical Queries

382

11.1.4 Manage KPIs and Reports

386

11.1.5 Creating Analysis Path Framework Applications

395

11.1.6 Creating Multidimensional Reports

396

11.1.7 Manage Date Functions

401

11.2 Extending Analytical Applications

403

11.2.1 Extending CDS Views

403

11.2.2 Extending OData Services

407

11.2.3 Configuring Analytical UIs

409

11.3 Summary

409

12 Configuring SAP Fiori Launchpad

411

12.1 Key Components

412

12.2 Initial Setup on ABAP Platform

414

12.2.1 Embedded Deployment

415

12.2.2 Hub Deployment

418

12.3 Setting Up Content

420

12.3.1 Entities

420

12.3.2 Scopes for Adapting Launchpad Content

421

12.3.3 Spaces and Pages

422

12.3.4 Groups and Catalogs

427

12.3.5 Setting Up Navigation for a Custom Application

427

12.4 Personalization

431

12.4.1 End User App Personalization

431

12.4.2 Adapting SAP Fiori UIs at Runtime—Key User Adaptation

435

12.4.3 Personalizing the Classic Home Page

436

12.4.4 Personalizing a Page

437

12.4.5 Adding Apps using App Finder

438

12.5 Extensions

439

12.6 Security

443

12.6.1 Role Configuration to Start Launchpad

443

12.6.2 Role Configuration for Catalogs, Groups, and Spaces

444

12.6.3 Additional Security Considerations

446

12.7 Summary

447

13 SAP Screen Personas

449

13.1 Architecture and Components

450

13.2 Navigation to SAP Screen Personas–Enabled Screens

451

13.2.1 Accessing SAP Screen Personas Using SAP GUI (SAP GUI for Windows/Java)

451

13.2.2 Accessing SAP Screen Personas Using Web GUI

453

13.3 SAP Screen Personas versus SAP Fiori

455

13.4 Applying Elements of Screen Personas

456

13.4.1 Creating a Flavor

456

13.4.2 Creating and Applying a Theme

460

13.4.3 Scripting

463

13.5 Enabling SAP Fiori–Like Applications

465

13.5.1 General Guidelines

466

13.5.2 Letterbox Theme

466

13.5.3 Floorplans

466

13.5.4 Themes and Floorplans in Action

467

13.6 Maintenance and Administration

471

13.7 Summary

473

14 Integrating Conversational User Interfaces with SAP Fiori

475

14.1 SAP Conversational AI

475

14.1.1 Configuration

476

14.1.2 Developing a Chatbot

478

14.2 SAP CoPilot

500

14.3 Summary

502

15 Creating Workflows for SAP Fiori

503

15.1 SAP S/4HANA Flexible Workflow

503

15.1.1 Create a New SAP S/4HANA Flexible Workflow Scenario

504

15.1.2 Configure Flexible Workflows

508

15.1.3 Configure and Use My Inbox

511

15.2 SAP Workflow Management

514

15.2.1 Setup SAP Workflow Management

515

15.2.2 Workflow Application Development and SAP Fiori UX

517

15.2.3 Enterprise Workflow Strategy

523

15.3 Summary

524

Appendices

525

A Working with SAP Web IDE

527

A.1 Overview

527

A.2 Architecture

527

A.3 Benefits of SAP Web IDE

529

A.4 Setting Up SAP Web IDE with SAP BTP

529

A.5 Developing Applications

532

B SAP Fiori Development Using In-App Extension

545

B.1 SAP S/4HANA Extensibility Scenarios

545

C SAP Programming Models

555

C.1 SAP Cloud Application Programming Model Overview and Use of Annotations

555

C.2 SAP Fiori Applications Based on ABAP RESTful Application Programming Model

559

D The Authors

561