Introduction

17

SAP ERP

17

Introduction to SAP ERP HCM

18

Implementing SAP ERP

19

Altering Major Business Processes

19

SAP’s Implementation Strategy—ASAP Methodology

20

Types of SAP Projects

24

SAP ERP HCM Organizational Management

26

Overview

27

Organizational Plan

27

About This Book

28

Objective of This Book

28

Target Audience

28

Structure of This Book

29

1 Basics of Organizational Management

31

1.1 Object-Oriented Concept

32

1.1.1 Objects and Object Types

33

1.1.2 SAP versus Customer Rules for Objects and Object Types

34

1.2 Object Attributes

36

1.2.1 Infotypes

37

1.2.2 Object-Oriented Design

37

1.2.3 Characteristics

39

1.3 SAP-Delivered Objects

40

1.3.1 Organizational Unit (O)

41

1.3.2 Position (S)

41

1.3.3 Person (P)

42

1.3.4 Job (C)

42

1.3.5 Cost Center (K)

43

1.3.6 Other SAP-Delivered Objects

44

1.4 Summary

45

2 Relationships between Objects

47

2.1 Relationships

48

2.1.1 Relationship Data Model

49

2.1.2 SAP-Delivered Relationships

50

2.1.3 Direction of Relationships

53

2.1.4 Allowed Relationship per Object Type

54

2.1.5 Relationship with External Objects

55

2.1.6 Inheritance Principle

56

2.2 Relationship Norms

57

2.2.1 Naming Principles of Relationships

58

2.2.2 Principles of Time Constraints

58

2.2.3 Using One Relationship for Multiple Object Types

61

2.3 Evaluation Path

61

2.3.1 Relationships and Evaluation Paths

62

2.3.2 Naming Principles of Evaluation Paths

62

2.3.3 Functionalities

65

2.4 Organizational Structures, Organizational Plans, and Plan Versions

67

2.5 Summary

70

3 Tools for Maintaining Objects and Relationships

71

3.1 End User Interfaces

71

3.1.1 SAP Easy Access

72

3.1.2 SAP Business Client Portal

73

3.2 Implementation Guides

76

3.2.1 Using an Implementation Guide

76

3.2.2 Functions

77

3.2.3 Transports

84

3.2.4 Types of Implementation Guides (SAP, Project, Enterprise)

86

3.2.5 Maintaining Tables in the Implementation Guide

94

3.2.6 Creating Tables in the Implementation Guide

94

3.2.7 Deleting Tables in the Implementation Guide

95

3.2.8 Delimiting Tables in the Implementation Guide

96

3.3 Manager Self-Services and Manager’s Desktop

98

3.4 Organization and Staffing Interface

99

3.5 Simple Maintenance

99

3.6 General Structure

100

3.7 Expert Mode

101

3.8 Matrix Structures

102

3.9 Summary

102

4 Manager Self-Services and Manager’s Desktop

103

4.1 Prerequisites for Access

103

4.2 Manager Self-Services Interface

104

4.2.1 Overview of SAP Business Client

106

4.2.2 Screens and Associated Fields

108

4.2.3 Maintaining and Editing Objects with Manager Self-Services

110

4.3 Manager’s Desktop Interface

114

4.3.1 Integration of Manager’s Desktop

115

4.3.2 Screens and Associated Fields

117

4.3.3 Maintaining and Editing Objects through Manager’s Desktop

122

4.3.4 Configuring Manager’s Desktop

125

4.4 Summary

127

5 Organization and Staffing Interface

129

5.1 Screen Structure

129

5.1.1 Object Manager and Work Area

130

5.1.2 Navigation Overview

133

5.1.3 Features

140

5.2 Maintaining Objects and Attributes

145

5.2.1 Searching Objects

146

5.2.2 Using the Drag-and-Drop Feature

149

5.3 Creating a Root Organizational Unit

150

5.4 Summary

152

6 Simple Maintenance

153

6.1 Structures and How to Use Them

154

6.1.1 Reporting Structure

155

6.1.2 Organizational Structure

155

6.1.3 Hierarchical Structure

156

6.2 The Screens and Associated Fields

156

6.2.1 Basic Data View

157

6.2.2 Reporting Structure View

162

6.2.3 Account Assignment View

165

6.2.4 Further Characteristics View

169

6.3 Maintaining Objects and Relationships

176

6.3.1 Searching and Aligning Relationships to Objects

176

6.3.2 Managing Staff Assignments

180

6.4 Creating a Root Organizational Unit

181

6.5 Summary

182

7 General Structure

183

7.1 Accessing a Structure Using an Evaluation Path

183

7.1.1 General Structure Access

184

7.1.2 Using General Structure

185

7.2 Features

186

7.2.1 Menu Bar

186

7.2.2 Application Toolbar

188

7.2.3 Using Evaluation Paths

190

7.2.4 Maintaining Evaluation Paths

193

7.3 Maintaining Objects and Relationships

194

7.3.1 Maintaining Objects

194

7.3.2 Searching and Aligning Objects

195

7.4 Summary

198

8 Expert Mode

201

8.1 Object Infotypes

201

8.1.1 Revisiting Time Constraints

202

8.1.2 Infotype Maintenance

203

8.1.3 Commonly Used Infotypes in Organizational Management

211

8.1.4 Mandatory Infotypes for Every Object

231

8.1.5 Object-Specific Infotypes

232

8.1.6 Country-Specific Infotypes

237

8.2 The Screens and Associated Fields

240

8.2.1 Object Tools

241

8.2.2 Infotype Tools

243

8.3 Maintaining Objects and Infotypes

244

8.3.1 Editing Infotypes

244

8.3.2 Searching for Objects

246

8.3.3 Creating Objects

247

8.4 Summary

248

9 Matrix Structures

249

9.1 Choosing Structures in Matrix View

249

9.2 Navigating in Matrix View

251

9.2.1 Accessing Matrix Organizations

252

9.2.2 Accessing Single Structures

256

9.2.3 Accessing Structures in Two Dimensions

258

9.3 Integration of Structures and Their Functionality

260

9.4 Summary

263

10 Creating an Organizational Structure from Scratch

265

10.1 Principles for Creating Structures

265

10.1.1 General Creation Process

266

10.1.2 Customer Objects and Namespaces

269

10.1.3 Customer Relationships and Namespaces

270

10.1.4 Customer Evaluation Paths and Namespaces

272

10.2 Creating Object Relationships and Evaluation Paths

273

10.2.1 Creating Object Types

274

10.2.2 Creating Relationships

279

10.2.3 Creating Evaluation Paths

288

10.3 Aligning Infotypes to Objects Types

289

10.3.1 County-Specific Infotypes

295

10.3.2 Work Schedule and Vacancy Infotypes

295

10.4 Aligning Objects to the Organization and Staffing Interface

299

10.4.1 Hierarchy Framework

300

10.4.2 Customizing the Object Manager

301

10.4.3 Customizing the Column Framework

306

10.4.4 Customizing the Tab Pages

315

10.4.5 Customizing the General Hierarchy Framework

320

10.5 Summary

322

11 Authorizations in Organizational Management

323

11.1 Type of User Roles

324

11.2 Role Maintenance through Transaction PFCG

325

11.3 General Authorization

332

11.3.1 Authorization Objects

333

11.3.2 Levels of General Authorization

334

11.4 Structural Authorization

336

11.4.1 Authorization Objects

337

11.4.2 Creating the Structural Profile

338

11.5 Fields for Authorization Objects

341

11.5.1 P_ORGIN

341

11.5.2 P_ORGXX

342

11.5.3 P_PERNR

342

11.5.4 P_PCLX

343

11.6 Summary

343

12 Reporting in Organizational Management

345

12.1 Data Structure in SAP

346

12.2 Logical Databases: PNP/PNPCE, PAP, and PCH

346

12.3 InfoSets

348

12.3.1 Creating InfoSets

349

12.3.2 Transporting InfoSets

351

12.3.3 InfoSets in Logical Databases

353

12.3.4 Working with Two Logical Databases

356

12.4 Type of Reports and Reporting Tools

357

12.4.1 Flat Reports and the Reporting Tools

358

12.4.2 Analytical Reports and SAP Business Warehouse

364

12.5 Using the Tools for Organizational Management Reports

367

12.5.1 Creating Queries in Ad-Hoc Reports

369

12.5.2 Statistical, Ranked, and Basic Reports

372

12.5.3 Selection Using SET Functions

372

12.6 Summary

374

13 Integrating with SAP ERP HCM

377

13.1 Switches and Authorizations in Organizational Management

378

13.1.1 Integration Switches

378

13.1.2 Authorization for Objects

379

13.2 Integration with Personnel Administration

379

13.2.1 Positions: Central Integration Point

380

13.2.2 Assigning Positions and Organizational Units to Employees

384

13.2.3 Integration Setup

385

13.3 Integration with Compensation Management

398

13.3.1 Job Pricing

398

13.3.2 Budgeting

399

13.4 Integration with Personnel Cost Planning

400

13.5 Integration with Personnel Development

401

13.6 Integration with Career and Succession Planning

403

13.7 Integration with Training and Event Management

404

13.7.1 Integration via Event and Attendance Management

404

13.7.2 Integration via Personnel Development

405

13.8 Integration with Recruitment

405

13.9 Integration with Manager Self-Services

406

13.10 Integration with SAP Business Workflow

407

13.10.1 Workflow Tools

407

13.10.2 Using the Organizational Plan

410

13.10.3 Workflow Functions and Features

411

13.10.4 Workflow Objects

412

13.11 Summary

412

14 Integrating with SAP SuccessFactors

415

14.1 The Platform for SAP SuccessFactors

415

14.2 Screens in SAP SuccessFactors

417

14.2.1 Employee Central

417

14.2.2 Performance and Goals

418

14.2.3 Compensation

420

14.2.4 Recruiting

420

14.2.5 Onboarding

422

14.2.6 Learning

423

14.2.7 Succession and Development

425

14.2.8 Workforce Planning

427

14.2.9 Workforce Analytics

429

14.2.10 SAP Jam

430

14.2.11 SAP SuccessFactors Mobile

431

14.3 Employee Central

433

14.3.1 New Hire and Rehiring

434

14.3.2 Terminations

436

14.3.3 Manager Self-Services and Employee Self-Services

437

14.3.4 Position Management

439

14.3.5 Employee Central Payroll

440

14.4 Integrating Organizational Management

441

14.4.1 Integration via a Rapid-Deployment Solution

441

14.4.2 Integration without a Rapid-Deployment Solution

442

14.5 Summary

451

Appendices

453

A Organizational Management Flowcharts

453

B The Author

457