Preface

15

Target Audience

15

Objective

16

Structure of the Book

16

Acknowledgments

18

1 Introduction to SAP HANA

19

1.1 Evolution of SAP HANA

21

1.2 Architecture

23

1.2.1 Index Server

24

1.2.2 SAP HANA Multitenant Database Architecture

29

1.2.3 SAP HANA XS Advanced Architecture

33

1.3 Comparing SAP HANA 1.0 and SAP HANA 2.0

34

1.4 Summary

37

2 General Data Modeling Concepts

39

2.1 What Is a Data Model?

39

2.2 Why Do We Need Data Models?

40

2.2.1 Conceptual Data Model

41

2.2.2 Logical Data Model

41

2.2.3 Physical Data Model

43

2.3 Components

44

2.3.1 What Are Dimensions, Measures, and Attributes?

45

2.3.2 Fact Tables and Entities

46

2.3.3 Primary Key and Foreign Key

47

2.3.4 Hierarchies

48

2.4 Dimensional Schemas

50

2.4.1 Star Schemas

50

2.4.2 Snowflake Schemas

51

2.5 Joining Tables in a Data Model

53

2.6 Summary

54

3 Data Modeling Tools

55

3.1 Data Modeling with SAP HANA Studio versus SAP Web IDE

55

3.2 Getting Started with SAP Web IDE

56

3.2.1 Setting Up Access in SAP HANA XSA

58

3.2.2 Organization and Spaces

62

3.2.3 Create Organizations and Spaces in SAP HANA XSA

63

3.2.4 Enabling Spaces

66

3.2.5 Launch SAP Web IDE for SAP HANA

67

3.3 Projects and Database Models in SAP Web IDE

70

3.3.1 Connecting SAP Web IDE to the SAP HANA Database

70

3.3.2 Creating a Project in SAP Web IDE Using a Template

73

3.4 Summary

80

4 Information Views

81

4.1 Getting Started with Information Views

81

4.2 Types of Information Views

83

4.2.1 Converting All SAP HANA Views to Calculation Views

85

4.2.2 Graphical Calculation Views

88

4.2.3 Table Functions

99

4.3 Summary

101

5 Dimensions and Measures in Calculation Views

103

5.1 Dimension Calculation View

104

5.1.1 Create CDS Artifacts

105

5.1.2 Create a Dimension Calculation View

120

5.1.3 Cardinality

124

5.1.4 Create a Calculated Attribute in a Calculation View

129

5.1.5 Time-Based Dimension Calculation View

131

5.2 Using Filters in Dimension Calculation Views

139

5.3 Measures in Calculation Views

142

5.3.1 Working with Cube Calculation Views

143

5.3.2 Create a Cube Calculation View

146

5.3.3 Deploy a Cube Calculation View

154

5.4 Semantic Attributes and Semantic Measures

155

5.5 View Nodes

158

5.5.1 Joins

159

5.5.2 Non Equi Join

168

5.5.3 Unions

172

5.5.4 Intersect

178

5.5.5 Minus

178

5.5.6 Aggregations

179

5.5.7 Ranks

182

5.6 Implementing Currency Conversions

187

5.7 Summary

199

6 Cube Calculation Views

201

6.1 Working with Star Join Calculation Views

202

6.1.1 Create a Products Dimension Calculation View

202

6.1.2 Create a Customer Dimension Calculation View

205

6.1.3 Create a Supplier Dimension Calculation View

207

6.1.4 Create a Cube Calculation View

209

6.1.5 Preview Cube Calculation View

218

6.2 Variables and Input Parameters

219

6.2.1 Create a Cube Calculation View with Variables

219

6.2.2 Create an Input Parameter

228

6.3 Working with Hierarchies

233

6.3.1 Level Hierarchy

233

6.3.2 Parent-Child Hierarchy

239

6.3.3 Time-Based Hierarchy

243

6.4 Restricted and Calculated Columns

250

6.4.1 Create Calculated Columns

251

6.4.2 Create Restricted Columns

254

6.5 Optimizing Calculation Views

258

6.5.1 Performance Analysis Mode

259

6.5.2 Table Partitioning

260

6.5.3 Create a Hash Partition

262

6.5.4 Debug Query Mode

264

6.6 Summary

266

7 Table Functions and Procedures

267

7.1 What Is a Table Function?

267

7.2 Introduction to SQL Scripts

268

7.2.1 SQL Identifiers

269

7.2.2 SQL Data Types

270

7.2.3 SQL Scripts in SAP Web IDE

271

7.3 Using Table Functions as a Data Source

274

7.3.1 Create a Table Function Using SQL Scripts

274

7.3.2 Create a Dimension Calculation View Using Table Functions as a Data Source

279

7.4 Procedures

283

7.4.1 Create a Procedure Using SQL Scripts

283

7.4.2 Calling a Procedure in SAP Web IDE for SAP HANA

287

7.5 Summary

288

8 Model Management

289

8.1 Analyzing an SAP HANA Model

289

8.1.1 Data Lineage and Impact Analysis

290

8.1.2 Checking the Source of a Field Using Data Lineage

291

8.1.3 Tracing Dependent Objects Using Data Lineage

294

8.1.4 Tracing Dependent Objects Using Impact Analysis

296

8.1.5 Managing SAP HANA Models in SAP Web IDE

298

8.2 SAP HANA Model Migration

301

8.2.1 Convert Attribute Views and Analytic Views to Graphical Calculation Views

303

8.2.2 Migrate Calculation Views Using SAP HANA XSA Migration Assistant

307

8.2.3 Import Migrated Content to SAP Web IDE

308

8.3 Summary

309

9 SAP HANA Live and SAP S/4HANA Embedded Analytics

311

9.1 SAP HANA Live Architecture

311

9.2 Types of Virtual Data Model Views

313

9.3 SAP HANA Live Views in the SAP HANA Live Browser

314

9.3.1 SAP HANA Live Viewer Configuration

315

9.3.2 SAP HANA Live Viewer Features

315

9.3.3 Consuming SAP HANA Live Views in SAP Analysis for Microsoft Office

323

9.4 SAP S/4HANA Embedded Analytics Architecture

326

9.5 Core Data Service Views

328

9.5.1 Create a CDS View

329

9.5.2 Consume CDS Views in SAP Lumira, Designer Edition

336

9.6 Summary

341

10 Authorizations in SAP Web IDE for SAP HANA

343

10.1 Object Ownership

343

10.1.1 Ownership Concepts

344

10.1.2 Object Ownership Scenario

346

10.2 Privileges and Roles

347

10.3 Setting Up Access between SAP HANA Deployment Infrastructure and Classic Database

348

10.3.1 Configure SAP HANA Database Role in SAP HANA XSA

349

10.3.2 Accessing SAP HANA Objects from External SAP HANA Deployment Infrastructure Container

352

10.3.3 Create Synonyms in SAP HANA Deployment Infrastructure Container

360

10.4 Defining Analytic Privileges

367

10.4.1 Create Analytic Privileges

368

10.5 Defining Roles

373

10.5.1 Create a Role

375

10.5.2 Assign the Role to a User

377

10.5.3 Test Analytic Privileges

378

10.6 Summary

379

11 Advanced Topics

381

11.1 Working with Predictive Models

382

11.1.1 Introduction to the Predictive Analysis Library

382

11.1.2 Algorithms Supported by the Predictive Analysis Library

384

11.1.3 Create a Predictive Model Using SAP HANA Predictive Analysis Library Functions

385

11.2 SAP HANA Spatial Analysis

400

11.2.1 SAP HANA Spatial Processing Architecture

401

11.2.2 Working with Spatial Data in SAP HANA

402

11.2.3 Create a Calculation View on Spatial Data

407

11.2.4 Create a New Input Parameter

411

11.3 Graph Processing with SAP HANA

417

11.3.1 Working with Graph Models in SAP HANA Graph Viewer

418

11.3.2 Create a Graph Workspace

421

11.3.3 Execute Graph Workspace

422

11.4 Summary

424