Introduction

17

Part I: Basic Principles

19

Part II: Data Migration in SAP Solutions

19

Part III: Alternative Methods

20

1 Basic Principles of Data Migration

25

1.1 Implementation Approaches

25

1.1.1 Big Bang/Initial Load

26

1.1.2 Moving Into an Existing System

26

1.1.3 Phased Rollout

27

1.1.4 System Optimization

29

1.2 Migration Strategies and Migration Scenarios

29

1.2.1 Greenfield Migrations/New Implementations

29

1.2.2 Brownfield Migrations/System Conversions

31

1.2.3 Selective Data Transitions

32

1.2.4 Comparison of the Strategies

34

1.3 A Digression on Historical Data

34

1.4 Summary

38

2 Planning Data Migration Projects

39

2.1 Phases of a Data Migration Project

39

2.1.1 Data Analysis

41

2.1.2 Data Cleansing

41

2.1.3 Mapping

42

2.1.4 Implementation

42

2.1.5 Testing the Data Migration

42

2.1.6 Validation

43

2.1.7 Productive Load

44

2.2 Work Packages in Data Migration Packages

46

2.2.1 Work Packages Related to Data Analysis

47

2.2.2 Selecting Tools

53

2.2.3 Data Cleansing

54

2.2.4 Mapping

56

2.2.5 Implementation

60

2.2.6 Testing

63

2.2.7 Productive Load

67

2.2.8 Validation

70

2.3 Planning and Effort Estimation

72

2.3.1 Determining Data Migration Objects

73

2.3.2 Effort Estimation

74

2.4 Summary

80

3 Data Migration to SAP S/4HANA

83

3.1 Overview of the SAP S/4HANA Migration Cockpit

83

3.1.1 Overview of the Migration Approaches of the SAP S/4HANA Migration Cockpit

84

3.1.2 Available Migration Objects

86

3.2 Migrating Data Using Staging Tables

88

3.2.1 Technical Realization

88

3.2.2 Assigning Roles for the Migration

90

3.2.3 Initial Screen of the Migration Cockpit

90

3.2.4 Data Migration Process

91

3.2.5 Creating a Migration Project

91

3.2.6 Editing a Migration Project

96

3.2.7 Calling the Migration Project

97

3.2.8 Monitoring the Activities

101

3.2.9 Downloading Migration Templates

102

3.2.10 Filling Migration Templates or Staging Tables Directly

106

3.2.11 Loading a File to Staging Tables

108

3.2.12 Using Migration Object Instances

115

3.2.13 Prepare

118

3.2.14 Maintenance of Mapping Values

119

3.2.15 Job Management

124

3.2.16 Simulating the Migration

125

3.2.17 Migrating Data

128

3.2.18 Migration Results

129

3.2.19 Creating a Correction File

131

3.2.20 Mass Processing via Free Selection on Instances

132

3.2.21 Messages

135

3.3 Migrate Data Directly from SAP System (Direct Transfer)

138

3.3.1 Differentiation and Areas of Use

138

3.3.2 Technical Requirements and System Preparations

139

3.3.3 Migration Objects for SAP ERP Systems and Other SAP Source Systems

141

3.3.4 Assigning Roles for the Migration

142

3.3.5 Running a Project with Direct Data Transfer

143

3.4 SAP S/4HANA Migration Object Modeler

160

3.4.1 General Structure of the SAP S/4HANA Migration Object Modeler

162

3.4.2 Selecting an Existing Migration Object

164

3.4.3 Advanced Search (All Objects)

164

3.4.4 The Migration APIs Used

165

3.5 Modeling for Data Migration with Staging Tables

165

3.5.1 Displaying a Migration Object

166

3.5.2 Transfer Rules

168

3.5.3 Generating and Displaying the Runtime Object

169

3.5.4 Updating the Migration Object

170

3.5.5 Creating a Migration Object

170

3.5.6 Extending Existing Migration Objects

172

3.5.7 Creating Custom Rules and Translation Objects

172

3.5.8 Simulating or Debugging Migration Objects

172

3.5.9 Transferring Migration Projects from One System to Another

174

3.6 Modeling for Data Migration Using Staging Tables in SAP S/4HANA Cloud Public Edition

175

3.7 Modeling for Directly Transferring Data from SAP Systems

176

3.7.1 Basic Knowledge for Modeling

176

3.7.2 Creating a Migration Object (Copy)

178

3.7.3 Synchronizing Structures

179

3.7.4 Creating Custom Rules

179

3.7.5 Migrating Table Field Extensions (Z Fields)

179

3.7.6 Simulating and Debugging Migration Objects

180

3.7.7 Transporting Projects

181

3.8 Additional Useful Sources of Information

181

3.8.1 Landing Pages of Data Migration

182

3.8.2 SAP Communities

182

3.8.3 Performance Aspects

182

3.8.4 Aligning the Time of Migration with Maintenance Periods

183

3.9 Summary

183

4 Data Migration to SAP SuccessFactors

185

4.1 Basic Preliminary Considerations for Employee Central Data Migration

186

4.1.1 Local Systems versus Global System

186

4.1.2 Project Rollout Approach: Phased Rollout versus Big Bang Approach

187

4.1.3 Data Migration Follows the Data Model

189

4.1.4 Data History: Reasonable Scope

190

4.1.5 Tension between Data Migration and Provision of Data in Integration

191

4.2 Basic Principles of SAP SuccessFactors Employee Central

192

4.2.1 Employee Central Structures/Objects

192

4.2.2 Import Options in SAP SuccessFactors

195

4.3 Infoporter for SAP ERP HCM Data

197

4.3.1 Comparison of Infoporter and Standard CSV Import Templates

197

4.3.2 Infoporter Integration: Architecture Components

198

4.3.3 Infoporter: Comparison of CSV and Web Service Options

199

4.3.4 Steps Involved in Data Migration Using Infoporter

202

4.4 Migrating SAP Cost Centers to Employee Central

202

4.5 Importing Data into SAP SuccessFactors

204

4.5.1 Procedure for Importing Employee Central Data

205

4.5.2 Provisioning Import Templates

205

4.5.3 Different Import Procedures

209

4.6 Tips and Tricks

219

4.6.1 Relevant Environments in the Project Process

219

4.6.2 Identifiers in Data Migration

222

4.6.3 Key Date for the Cutover Date

224

4.6.4 Cutover Method

225

4.7 Summary

227

5 Data Migration to SAP Ariba

229

5.1 Challenges and Areas of Complexity

229

5.2 Migrating Master Data

231

5.2.1 Master Data Migration from SAP S/4HANA Cloud

233

5.2.2 Migrating Data from SAP S/4HANA and SAP ERP 6.0

235

5.2.3 Master Data Migration From Non-SAP Systems

240

5.3 Migrating Supplier Data

240

5.3.1 Migrating Supplier Data From SAP S/4HANA Cloud via the SAP Master Data Integration Service

241

5.3.2 Migrating Supplier Data from SAP S/4HANA and SAP Master Data Governance, Supplier

242

5.3.3 Supplier Management and Upload to SAP Business Network

244

5.4 Migrating Transaction Data

245

5.5 Migrating User Data

246

5.5.1 Upload CSV File via the SAP Ariba User Interface

246

5.5.2 Upload Using SAP Integration Suite, Managed Gateway for Spend Management, and SAP Business Network

246

5.5.3 Upload and User Management with SAP BTP and SAP Cloud Identity Services for Identity Provisioning

247

5.6 Summary

247

6 Data Migration in SAP Business ByDesign

249

6.1 Migration Templates

250

6.1.1 Structure and Elements of Migration Templates

250

6.1.2 User Tips

252

6.1.3 Field Formats

254

6.1.4 Export Data from the Source System

257

6.1.5 Filling Data into Migration Templates

258

6.1.6 Alternative Options to Populate Migration Templates

258

6.1.7 Data Cleansing

260

6.2 Migration Tool

261

6.2.1 Navigation in SAP Business ByDesign

261

6.2.2 Migration Tasks in the Implementation Project

263

6.2.3 Prepare for Data Migration

264

6.2.4 Migration Objects

266

6.2.5 Migration Cockpit

268

6.2.6 Upload CSV Files

273

6.2.7 Migration Cockpit: More Features

276

6.2.8 Integrated Data Editor

278

6.3 Migration Process Steps

283

6.3.1 Validate File

283

6.3.2 Convert Values (Value Mapping)

289

6.3.3 Simulate Import

296

6.3.4 Import Data

304

6.4 Migration of Transactional Accounting Data

308

6.4.1 Preparation in SAP Business ByDesign

308

6.4.2 Preparation in the Source System

311

6.4.3 Migration Unit

313

6.4.4 Migration Templates in Accounting

317

6.4.5 Accounting Migration: Main Steps

319

6.4.6 Simulation of Single Files

321

6.4.7 Posting Preview

322

6.4.8 Cross-Check of Balances

323

6.4.9 Acceptance of Imported Data

327

6.4.10 Postprocessing

327

6.5 Change Migration

328

6.5.1 Add New Records

329

6.5.2 Enhance Existing Records

331

6.5.3 Repeat Migration for Objects with Mass Deletion

334

6.5.4 Mass Data Maintenance

335

6.6 Migration as a Subproject

339

6.6.1 Project Management

340

6.6.2 Migration Tasks in Implementation Projects

341

6.6.3 Test Strategy

343

6.7 Tips and Tricks

345

6.7.1 Volume Performance by Parallelization

345

6.7.2 Reconciliation of Migration Results

347

6.8 Summary

349

7 Batch Input

353

7.1 What Is Batch Input?

353

7.2 How Does Batch Input Work?

354

7.2.1 What Is a Batch Input Session?

354

7.2.2 How Do You Process a Batch Input Session?

357

7.2.3 How Can You Create a Batch Input Session?

360

7.2.4 Batch Input Recording: General Procedure

361

7.3 Advantages and Disadvantages of the Batch Input Process

361

7.4 Summary

364

8 IDoc and ALE Distribution

365

8.1 Introduction to IDocs

365

8.1.1 Why IDocs as an Interface?

365

8.1.2 Using IDocs

366

8.1.3 IDoc Customizing in the SAP System

369

8.1.4 IDoc Performance Optimization

372

8.2 Master Data Distribution

375

8.2.1 Setting Up an ALE Connection in the Sender

375

8.2.2 Setting Up the Distribution Model in the Sender

375

8.2.3 Setting Up an ALE Connection in the Recipient

376

8.2.4 Distributing Characteristics

376

8.2.5 Distributing Classes

377

8.2.6 Monitoring the Distribution

378

8.2.7 Replicating Product Data

378

8.3 Advantages and Disadvantages of the Method

379

8.4 Summary

380

9 SAP Legacy System Migration Workbench

381

9.1 Overview of SAP Legacy System Migration Workbench

381

9.2 Migrating Data Using SAP Legacy System Migration Workbench

384

9.2.1 Getting Started with SAP Legacy System Migration Workbench

385

9.2.2 User Guidance: Primary Steps in Data Migration

389

9.2.3 Defining Object Attributes

390

9.2.4 Defining Source Structures

393

9.2.5 Defining Source Fields

394

9.2.6 Defining Structure Relations

399

9.2.7 Defining Field Mapping and Conversion Rules

401

9.2.8 Defining Fixed Values, Translations, and User-Defined Routines

413

9.2.9 Digression: Files

419

9.2.10 Specifying Files

421

9.2.11 Using Wildcards in File Names

427

9.2.12 Assigning Files

428

9.2.13 Importing Data

428

9.2.14 Displaying Imported Data

430

9.2.15 Converting Data

431

9.2.16 Displaying Converted Data

433

9.2.17 Importing Data

435

9.2.18 Object Overview

437

9.3 Recordings

439

9.3.1 Creating and Postprocessing a Recording

441

9.3.2 Using Recordings

446

9.4 Transporting Projects

448

9.4.1 Creating a Change Request

448

9.4.2 Exporting a Project

449

9.4.3 Importing a Project

450

9.5 Preparatory Measures for Using Inbound IDoc Processing

451

9.6 SAP Legacy System Migration Workbench Conversion Program

454

9.6.1 Displaying Additional Menus

454

9.6.2 Customizing the Display Variant

455

9.6.3 Structure of the Conversion Program

455

9.7 Functions for Advanced Users

458

9.7.1 Display Variant and Processing Times

458

9.7.2 Global Variables

460

9.7.3 Global Functions

461

9.7.4 Naming for Reusable Rules

462

9.8 Application Examples for Advanced Users

463

9.8.1 Determining the Transaction Code at Runtime

463

9.8.2 Skipping a Record

463

9.8.3 Skipping All Data Records of a Transaction

464

9.8.4 Duplicating a Record

464

9.8.5 Assigning Multiple Source Structures to a Target Structure

466

9.8.6 Custom Selection Parameters in the Conversion Program

466

9.8.7 Initializing IDoc Structures with Nodata Flags

469

9.8.8 Assigning Multiple Source Structures to a Target Structure with Substructures

471

9.9 Long Texts

477

9.9.1 Long Texts in the SAP System

477

9.9.2 Target Structures and Field Assignment

478

9.9.3 Importing Long Texts

481

9.10 Summary

482

10 Preparing Data Migration Using Cloud Integration

483

10.1 Cloud Integration in the Context of Data Migration

484

10.2 Choosing the File-to-File Approach

484

10.3 Preparation

484

10.3.1 Configuring a Secure Connection to the SFTP Server

485

10.3.2 Message Splitting or Data Merge

490

10.4 Implementing the Interface

491

10.4.1 Building the Basic Structure

492

10.4.2 Implementing Message Mapping

501

10.4.3 Implementing a Data Merge

505

10.4.4 Implementing Message Splitting

509

10.5 Options for Action for Key Users

511

10.5.1 Distribution of Roles

511

10.5.2 Using Monitoring

512

10.5.3 Configuring Parameters

513

10.6 Summary

514

11 Methods to Avoid Programming

517

11.1 Critical Point: Data Conversion

517

11.2 Methods in the Context of Data Conversion

518

11.2.1 Modifying Structures

518

11.2.2 Modifying Field Contents

522

11.2.3 Access Data of the SAP System

525

11.3 Summary

529

12 Related Areas

531

12.1 Database Migration

531

12.1.1 Basic Principles

531

12.1.2 Sample Database Migration

532

12.2 System Conversion

535

12.2.1 Technical Conditions

535

12.2.2 Phases of the System Conversion

536

12.3 Summary

538

Appendices

539

A Glossary of Terms

539

B The Authors

553